Paper Chromatography
Perform paper chromatography to separate dye mixtures and calculate Rf (retention factor) values. Observe how different compounds travel at different rates based on their affinity for the mobile vs. stationary phase.
Click 'Start Chromatography' to begin the separation process. The solvent will move up the paper, carrying the dye components at different rates.
The Science Behind Paper Chromatography
Paper chromatography separates mixtures based on differential partitioning between mobile and stationary phases:
- Stationary phase: Chromatography paper (polar cellulose)
- Mobile phase: Solvent (eluent) that moves up the paper
- Rf value: Retention factor = distance traveled by spot / distance traveled by solvent front
Components separate based on their relative affinity for the two phases. Compounds with higher solubility in the mobile phase or lower affinity for the stationary phase travel farther (higher Rf).
Used in chemical analysis, forensic science, food quality testing, and pharmaceutical purity testing.
