Shapes and Designs
Everything we see has a shape! Explore the fundamental difference between flat (2D) and solid (3D) shapes, understand the concept of **symmetry**, and learn how to recognize and complete **patterns**.
- Select a concept below to explore geometrical ideas.
- Learn the difference between **2D (Flat)** and **3D (Solid)** shapes.
- Understand **Symmetry** (a dividing line) and how patterns are formed.
- Use the **Classification** module to sort shapes by their dimensions.
- Test your geometry skills with the **Practice Quiz** button.
Shapes are defined by their boundaries, and patterns are created by repeating those shapes or elements. Symmetry is a form of perfect balance found everywhere in nature and design.
The Geometry of Shapes
The main difference is the dimensions they occupy in space:
| Shape Type | Dimensions | Examples | Real-World Object |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2D (Plane) | Length and Width (Flat) | Square, Triangle, Circle | A sheet of paper, the face of a clock |
| 3D (Solid) | Length, Width, and Height (Volume) | Cube, Sphere, Cylinder, Cuboid | A box, a ball, a tin can |
Symmetry means that one shape or object is exactly the same as the other side when divided by a **Line of Symmetry**. If you fold the shape along this line, both halves match perfectly.
A pattern is a **sequence of repeating elements** (shapes, colors, objects, sounds). Identifying the core rule (or **unit of repeat**) is the key to completing any pattern.
Example: **Square, Circle, Square, Circle, ...** (Unit of repeat: Square, Circle)
