Simple Pendulum – Observing Oscillations

1. Period (T) = 2π√(L/g)
2. Frequency (f) = 1/T
3. Angular frequency (ω) = √(g/L)

Where L = length, g = gravitational acceleration

• For small angles (<15°), period is independent of amplitude
• Longer pendulums have longer periods
• Greater gravity decreases period
• Energy converts between potential and kinetic

• Clocks: Grandfather clocks use pendulums for timekeeping
• Seismometers: Detect and measure earthquakes
• Physics Education: Demonstrate harmonic motion
• Engineering: Study oscillatory systems